Phrygian caps

A bronze figurine of Baal, right arm raised is shown below, dating to 14th-12th centuries, found in Ras Shamra (ancient Ugarit).

Parthian prisoner wearing a Phrygian cap, detail of the so-called Great Cameo of France. Five-layered sardonyx cameo, Roman artwork, second quarter of the 1st century AD.

Ganymede wearing the Phrygian cap and Zeus transformed into an eagle. Marble, Roman artwork of the 2nd century AD after Greek models of the late 4th century BC and the early Hellenistic era, restored by Bartolomeo Cavaceppi. From the Quadraro Estate along the Via Tuscolana, 1870.

Ganymede and the eagle. Photos taken in the Roman Gallery - British Museum (London). In Greek mythology, Ganymede was a Trojan prince who became Zeus' cupbearer and homosexual lover.

Head of Ganymede with Phrygian hat. Greek insular marble, Roman copy from the Severian era after a Greek original from the 4th century BC. From the Palatine Hill.

Archaeological museum ( Piombino ). Amphore of Baratti ( 4th century AD ) - medaillon with Hermes.

"The Navy Needs You! Don't READ American History, MAKE IT!" First World War US propaganda poster by James Montgomery Flag. US Navy sailor addresses civilian reading about the war in a newspaper. In the sky above them Columbia holds a sword and flag. A battle ship is in the distance.

This antique French scenic wallpaper produced by Jean Zuber et Cie in Rixheim (Alsace), France c. 1834. The Zuber wallpaper, titled Scenes of North America

World War I era US poster by James Montgomery Flagg, 1918, lithograph, color; 56 x 36 cm.
Columbia (female allegorical personification of the United States of America) broadcasts seeds in a plowed field. Text:"Sow the Seeds of Victory! Plant and raise your own vegetables"..."Every garden a munition plant". Urging civilians to raise their own food to free up resources for the war effort.

The tree of liberty must be planted immediately!, by James Gillray (died 1815), published 1797. See source website for additional information.

English: The Tree of LIBERTY, – with, the Devil tempting John Bull: A caricature by James Gillray, showing Charles James Fox as Satan, tempting John Bull with the rotten fruit of the opposition tree of Liberty. John's pockets are already full with the golden apples of the loyalist tree in the background.

Round a bare and decayed oak tree is twined a serpent with the head of Fox; he holds a damaged apple inscribed "reform" to John Bull, who is fat and his pockets bulge with golden apples. The trunk of the tree is "opposition"; its roots are: envy, ambition, disappointment. Each rotten apple has an inscription: democracy, treason, slavery, etc. In the background is an oak in full leaf: its trunk is "Justice", the roots Commons, King, Lords, the branches Laws and Religion. From it hangs a crown surrounded by apples, some inscribed Freedom, Happiness, Security.

Artemis Bendis (on the right, wearing a Phrygian cap, a short tunic, high boots and an animal skin) and her followers, maybe athletes taking part in the torch relay race in honour of the goddess. Marble votive relief, made in Athens, ca. 400-375 BC. Said to be from Piraeus, more probably from the area of a sanctuary of Bendis on the Mounichia Hill.

A cartoon apparently expressing a rather sour German point of view on the British-French "Entente Cordiale" of 1904 -- John Bull walks off with the trollop France (in her scandalously short tricolor skirt, whose red and blue colors are indicated by the conventions of heraldic "hatching"), while Germany pretends not to care.

Louis XVI of France wearing a phrygian cap, drinking a toast to the health of the sans-culottes. Etching and mezzotint, with watercolor. Scanned from a photographic slide.

Former collection of the Comte d'Artois (later Charles X of France); seized during the French Revolution

Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna, Italy: The Three Wise Men" (named Balthasar, Melchior, and Gaspar). Detail from: "Mary and Child, surrounded by angels", mosaic of a Ravennate italian-byzantine workshop, completed within 526 AD by the so-called "Master of Sant'Apollinare".

The Crosby Garrett Helmet is a copper alloy Roman helmet dating to the late 1st to mid 3rd century AD. It was found by an unnamed metal detectorist near Crosby Garrett in Cumbria, England in May 2010, close to a Roman road, but a distance from any recorded Roman settlements. Photo by Daniel Pett

Fresco of Priapus, Casa dei Vettii, Pompeii. Depicted weighing his enormous erect penis against a bag of gold. Unlike the Greeks, Ancient Romans admired the large penis of Priapus, although they had a sense of humor about it.

Istanbul Archaeological Museum - A modern reconstruction of the polychromy of troyan archer of the Temple of Aphaia, ca. 485–480 BC. On a loan from the Glyptotek in Munich, for the Bunte Götter exhibition. Picture by: Giovanni Dall'Orto May 28 2006.

Ancient Greek phrygian helmet with swastika marks, 350-325 BCE, found at Herculanum, Taranto. Personal photograph at the Cabinet des Medailles, Paris.

Trojan archer (so called “Paris”), figure W-XI of the west pediment of the Temple of Aphaia, ca. 505–500 BC.

Phrygian cap Symbols

Phrygian cap
Symbols